This blog takes a look into some of
the recent trends in the fiberglass sector in India and existing challenges.
The Indian market is right
now in a medium phase of growth, with various sectors slowly incorporating FRP
composites in their applications. Although looking from a global perspective,
its imports account to a mere share of 2% of the world total, India still
features amongst the top 15 importing nations, making its presence felt in the
global market.
One startling fact is
that, with all this growth, India fares low in terms of per capita consumption
of fiberglass. With close to a meagre .24 Kg when compared to markets like US
(10 Kg) and China (2 Kg), it is evident that there has been limited penetration
in most of the sectors. One factor that this can be attributed to is the lack
of awareness about the advantages of GFRP composites. Barring a few sectors
like wind energy, electrical & electronics (uses fiberglass as a standard
material for wind blades & nacelles and PCB boards respectively), most
other sectors in India are still heavily relying on conventional materials (e.g.
steel and aluminium, plastic) for greater margins in production.
FRP usage registered the
highest share in the mass transportation sector in India in the previous year. But
its share of 20.2% translating to roughly 24000MT of fiberglass seems
insignificant considering the fact that India is the fifth largest producer of
motor vehicles in the world. Since one of the key benefits of using FRP
products is the ‘lightweight’ factor, Government policies such as the recently
introduced Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) can boost the use of FRP
products in the near future. The norm mandates car makers and OEMs to make
their products 10% or more fuel efficient between 2017 to 2021 and 30% or more
from 2022 onwards. Global automotive giants like Toyota, Suzuki and major
Indian automotive manufacturers like Mahindra & Mahindra, TATA motors are
already aiming towards higher composite material usage in vehicles.
A key challenge is the
lack of standardization of products in the domestic market. Indian market is
characterized by highly dispersed small scale GF and GFRP composite
manufacturers. Lack of industry standard certifications, quality offering &
diverse product portfolio makes the market heavily dependent on foreign
counterparts. China caters to nearly 20 percent of the annual fiberglass demand
in Indian market. Government intervention through introduction of Anti-Dumping
duties has to an extent, put a check on this and in protecting the domestic
producers. However, proliferation of the FRP usage in other potential sectors
will happen only by establishing a supply side structured on the basis of
global standards and manufacturing practices.
This would also help in
creating economies of scale to the raw material producers and intermediaries by
ensuring that continuous demand will emerge from new sectors and applications.
This blog has been written by Rajat Sadanand O.M., a second year student from IIM Ahmedabad during his internship with SKAPS Industries
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